Franz Cumont (1868-1947) published extensively about the last phase of ancient paganism. In his publications we also find passing remarks which allow us to reconstruct his eclectic philosophy of history in which the end of ancient paganism was an important phase in the grand intellectual evolution of mankind. From these remarks and even more clearly from his correspondence with other scholars such as Alfred Loisy (1857-1940), we can reconstruct his thought on the end of Christianity and of organized religion as such.